German Economist and Philosopher Stressed That History is a Continuous

Famous German Economists

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Find out more about the greatest German Economists, including Karl Marx, Helmut Schmidt, Friedrich Engels, Rosa Luxemburg and Martin Winterkorn.

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 1

Karl Marx

(Philosopher & Economist - Famous for His Theory of 'Marxism' )

Birthdate: May 5, 1818

Sun Sign: Taurus

Birthplace: Trier, Germany

Died: March 14, 1883

Karl Marx, the philosopher, economist, political theorist and socialist revolutionary, is best-known for the 1848 pamphlet, The Communist Manifesto and the three-volume Das Kapital. His theories, called Marxism, maintained that class conflict leads to the development of human societies and that internal tension were inherent in capitalism, which would ultimately be replaced by the socialist mode of production.

 2

Rosa Luxemburg

(Revolutionary Socialist, Marxist Philosopher & Anti-War Activist)

Birthdate: March 5, 1871

Sun Sign: Pisces

Birthplace: Zamosc, Poland

Died: January 15, 1919

Polish Marxist and socialist revolutionary Rosa Luxemburg was a member of parties such as the SPD, the USPD, and the KPD. Luxemburg was an anti-war activist and taught economics and Marxism at SPD's Berlin training center. She was assassinated by the Freikorps troops during the German Revolution.

Birthdate: January 22, 1877

Sun Sign: Aquarius

Birthplace: Tinglev, Denmark

Died: June 3, 1970

German banker Hjalmar Schacht was appreciated for his role in saving the Weimar Republic from inflation and later served as the Reichsminister of Economics under Adolf Hitler. Following as assassination attempt on Hitler, her was imprisoned, but was later freed and then set up his own bank in Düsseldorf.

 4

Klaus Schwab

(Founder and Executive Chairman of the 'World Economic Forum')

Birthdate: March 30, 1938

Sun Sign: Aries

Birthplace: Ravensburg, Germany

World-class economist Klaus Schwab, who established the World Economic Forum and is also its executive chairman, also has a mechanical engineering degree, along with a doctorate in engineering. He has been a University of Geneva professor and has been awarded a host of honorary doctorates and a French knighthood.

Birthdate: February 4, 1897

Sun Sign: Aquarius

Birthplace: Fürth, Germany

Died: May 5, 1977

Ludwig Erhard was a German politician best remembered for his efforts to recover the economy in West Germany after the Second World War while serving as the Minister of Economic Affairs. From 1963 to 1966, he served as West Germany's chancellor. Although he was an influential politician, Erhard lacked support from former Chancellor Konrad Adenauer, leading to Ludwig Erhard's resignation.

Birthdate: May 24, 1947

Sun Sign: Gemini

Birthplace: Leonberg

While at the university, former Volkswagen Group chairman Martin Winterkorn excelled both in his major, metallurgy, and in football. Once featured on the Forbes list of Powerful People, he was later convicted of emissions cheating and fraud and now lives in the US as a fugitive.

Birthdate: January 6, 1850

Sun Sign: Capricorn

Birthplace: Berlin, Germany

Died: December 18, 1932

Though a staunch socialist and Marxist, Eduard Bernstein was also one of the biggest critics of Marxist theory and thus gained the nickname The Father of Revisionism. He spotted many loopholes in Karl Marx's tenets, such as the eventual collapse of the capitalist economy. He also represented Brandenburg in the Reichstag.

Birthdate: August 16, 1911

Sun Sign: Leo

Birthplace: Bonn

Died: September 4, 1977

German-born British economist E. F. Schumacher was one of the significant figures behind the formation of Britain's post-World War II welfare state plans. His ground-breaking book Small Is Beautiful explained how capitalism was detrimental to culture. He also developed the concept of intermediate technology.

Birthdate: August 18, 1890

Sun Sign: Leo

Birthplace: Yasnaya Polyana

Died: May 31, 1960

German economist Walther Funk had joined the army during World War I but later quit for being medically unfit and started his career as a journalist. After joining the Nazi Party, he quickly rose to become the Third Reich's economics minister and the president of the Reichsbank.

Birthdate: August 6, 1789

Sun Sign: Leo

Birthplace: Reutlingen

Died: November 30, 1846

German-American economist Friedrich List is remembered as one of the pioneers of the historical school of economics. He supported tariffs on imported goods to help the domestic market. He is also known for his pamphlet Outlines of American Political Economy and his book The National System of Political Economy.

Birthdate: April 11, 1825

Sun Sign: Aries

Birthplace: Wrocław

Died: August 31, 1864

Enamoured by the ideas of French and German philosophers, Ferdinand Lassalle initially aspired to be a lecturer. He later joined the socialist cause and spearheaded Germany's social democratic movement. He also introduced terms such as the iron law of wages and concepts such as Lassallism, or achieving socialist ideals through the state.

Birthdate: June 24, 1783

Sun Sign: Cancer

Birthplace: Wangerland, Germany

Died: September 22, 1850

Johann Heinrich von Thünen was a German economist best remembered for his two-volume treatise The Isolated State. An influential and important 19th-century economist, Thünen is also credited with popularizing Location theory, which has become an important part of regional science, economic geography, and spatial economics.

 13

Alfred Weber

(Economist, Educationist, Sociologist, University teacher)

Birthdate: July 30, 1868

Sun Sign: Leo

Birthplace: Erfurt

Died: May 2, 1958

Alfred Weber was a German geographer, sociologist, economist, and theoretician of culture. Weber's work and contribution played a key role in the progression of modern economic geography. The younger brother of Max Weber, Alfred Weber contributed theories for analyzing social processes, social change as a confluence of civilization, and culture.

 14

Andre Gunder Frank

(Sociologist, economic historian known for contributions to world-systems theory)

Birthdate: February 24, 1929

Sun Sign: Pisces

Birthplace: Berlin, Germany

Died: April 23, 2005

Andre Gunder Frank was a German-American economic historian and sociologist who advocated dependency theory and world-systems theory. In the 1950s and 1960s, Frank taught subjects, such as economics and anthropology at several American universities. He then went on to serve as a professor at the University of Chile. From 1981 to 1994, he taught at the University of Amsterdam.

Birthdate: July 26, 1855

Sun Sign: Leo

Birthplace: Oldenswort, Germany

Died: April 9, 1936

Ferdinand Tönnies was a German economist, sociologist, and philosopher. He is credited with co-founding the German Society for Sociology where he served as the president from 1909 to 1933. Widely regarded as the first prominent German sociologist, Tönnies contributed significantly to field studies and sociological theory. Ferdinand Tönnies is often counted among the founders of classical German sociology.

 16

Werner Sombart

(Former Economist, Sociologist known for Coining the term)

Birthdate: January 19, 1863

Sun Sign: Capricorn

Birthplace: Ermsleben, Falkenstein, Germany

Died: May 18, 1941

Werner Sombart was a German sociologist and economist. He was one of the 20th century's most important Continental European social scientists who served as the leader of the Youngest Historical School. Werner Sombart is credited with coining the phrase late capitalism. He is also remembered for his magnum opus, Der moderne Kapitalismus.

Birthdate: October 10, 1899

Sun Sign: Libra

Birthplace: Schwarmstedt, Germany

Died: February 12, 1966

Economist Wilhelm Röpke is remembered as one of the major figures of social market economy. A professor, too, he was against collectivism in economic and socio-political theory. His days in the Germany army in his younger days disgusted him. He supported the Austrian School and later pioneered ordoliberalism, or sociological neoliberalism.

Birthdate: January 27, 1883

Sun Sign: Aquarius

Birthplace: Würzburg, Germany

Died: September 24, 1941

Gottfried Feder was a German economist and civil engineer. One of the most important members of the Nazi Party , Feder served as the party's economic theoretician during its formative years. In 1919, Gottfried Feder delivered one of his most famous lectures that lured Adolf Hitler into the Nazi Party .

Birthdate: March 8, 1957

Sun Sign: Pisces

Birthplace: Kusel, Germany

Axel A. Weber is a German economist, banker, and professor. From 2004 to 2011, Weber served as the president of the German Bundesbank. He is currently serving as the chairman of the popular Swiss multinational investment bank, UBS Group AG. In 2015, Axel A. Weber was adjudged European Banker of the Year 2014 by the International Association of Economic Journalists.

Birthdate: February 12, 1945

Sun Sign: Aquarius

Birthplace: Gera, Germany

Thilo Sarrazin is a German politician and writer who served as Berlin Senator of Finance from 2002 to 2009. A former member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), Thilo Sarrazin is best known for his controversial book Germany is Doing Away with Itself in which he has criticized Germany's post-war immigration policy. The book sparked a nationwide controversy.

 21

Samuel von Pufendorf

(Jurist and Political Philosopher Known for His Commentaries & Revisions of the Natural Law Theories)

Birthdate: January 8, 1632

Sun Sign: Capricorn

Birthplace: Zwönitz, Germany

Died: October 26, 1694

Samuel von Pufendorf was a German jurist, economist, political philosopher, and historian. Among Pufendorf's major achievements are his revisions and commentaries of the natural law theories of Hugo Grotius and Thomas Hobbes. In Germany, Samuel von Pufendorf is best remembered as a precursor of an intellectual and philosophical movement called the Age of Enlightenment .

 22

Silvio Gesell

(Economist, Merchant, Politician, Entrepreneur, Esperantist)

Birthdate: March 17, 1862

Sun Sign: Pisces

Birthplace: Sankt Vith

Died: March 11, 1930

Silvio Gesell was a German-Argentine theoretical economist, merchant, Georgist, social activist, libertarian socialist, anarchist, and founder of Freiwirtschaft. He is also credited with founding a magazine named Monetary and Land Reform which was closed soon after its establishment for financial reasons. Silvio Gesell is also credited with co-creating the magazine Der Physiokrat.

Birthdate: August 19, 1962

Sun Sign: Leo

Birthplace: West Berlin, West Germany

Bernd Lucke is a German politician and economist who served as the leader of a political party named Alternative for Germany from 2013 to 2015; the party was co-founded by Lucke along with Eberhardt Alexander Gauland. Lucke, who is also credited with co-founding Electoral Alternative 2013, serves as a professor at the University of Hamburg.

Birthdate: February 8, 1964

Sun Sign: Aquarius

Birthplace: Panfilovo, Kazakhstan

Birthdate: June 8, 1942

Sun Sign: Gemini

Birthplace: Krefeld, Germany

Died: July 25, 2002

Rudi Dornbusch was a German economist who lived and worked in the USA. Dornbusch is best remembered for his association with popular institutions, such as The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), The University of Chicago (UChicago), and The University of Rochester. Over the course of his career, Rudi Dornbusch received many prestigious honors, such as the Concord Prize.

Birthdate: August 10, 1877

Sun Sign: Leo

Birthplace: Vienna

Died: February 11, 1941

Austrian-born Marxist politician, socialist-theorist, and economist Rudolf Hilferding was the main theoretician for the German social democratic political party called Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) during the Weimar Republic. A prominent representative of the Viennese development of Marxism, Hilferding assumed office as Minister of Finance in two SPD led governments and is noted for his work Das Finanzkapital.

Birthdate: March 7, 1948

Sun Sign: Pisces

Birthplace: Brake, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany

Hans-Werner Sinn is a German economist best known for his association with the Ifo Institute for Economic Research where he served as the president from 1999 to 2016. Apart from serving on the advisory council of the German economy ministry, Hans-Werner Sinn is also currently serving as Professor Emeritus of Public Finance and Economics at the University of Munich.

 28

Eugen Dühring

(Philosopher, Political Economist, Prolific Writer, and a Leading German Adherent of Positivism)

Birthdate: January 12, 1833

Sun Sign: Capricorn

Birthplace: Berlin, Germany

Died: September 21, 1921

A strong supporter of positivism and a critic of Marxism, German philosopher Eugen Dühring was also a qualified lawyer. An eye ailment which took away his sight in the end made him quit law and focus on philosophy instead. A fine writer, too, he penned books such as Capital und Arbeit.

 29

Ernst Engel

(German Statistician and Economist Who Is Famous for the 'Engel Curve' and 'Engel's Law')

Birthdate: March 26, 1821

Sun Sign: Aries

Birthplace: Dresden, Germany

Died: December 8, 1896

German statistician Ernst Engel conducted an interesting study on over 150 Belgian families to come to the conclusion that the lower a family's income, the greater is their expense on food. His revelation came to be known as the Engel curve, or the Engel's law. He was also part of various statistical departments.

Birthdate: July 22, 1823

Sun Sign: Cancer

Birthplace: Mainz, Germany

Died: March 14, 1899

A qualified lawyer, Ludwig Bamberger became inspired by radicalism during the Revolutions of 1848 but turned into a moderate liberal during Otto von Bismarck's reign. He represented the National Liberal Party in the Reichstag. He not only standardized German coinage but also established the Reichsbank and adopted the gold currency.

Birthdate: November 29, 1910

Sun Sign: Sagittarius

Birthplace: Elberfeld, Germany

Died: February 26, 2006

German-born Sir Hans Wolfgang Singer initially aspired to become a doctor before gaining an interest in economics and eventually gaining a Cambridge PhD. Known for his extensive research on developmental economics, he was one of the first economists to work for the United Nations. He was knighted for his achievements.

Birthdate: 1969 AD

Birthplace: Leipzig, Germany

Birthdate: December 18, 1844

Sun Sign: Sagittarius

Birthplace: Aschaffenburg, Germany

Died: September 9, 1931

German economist Lujo Brentano, best known for his association with the historical school of economics, conducted a study on English trade unions, comparing them with the guild system of the medieval times. A prominent pacifist, he was against the marked militarism in Germany. He also co-founded the German Economic Association.

Birthdate: February 10, 1861

Sun Sign: Aquarius

Birthplace: Focșani, Romania

Died: February 2, 1940

Carl Grünberg was a German Marxist philosopher of law and history. He studied law in Strasbourg and practiced as an advocate. He then proceeded to study political economy in Vienna and eventually became an academic reader. He was one of the founders of Austromarxism. He became the director of the Institute for Social Research in 1924.

Birthdate: August 12, 1805

Sun Sign: Leo

Birthplace: Greifswald, Germany

Died: December 6, 1875

Birthdate: December 1, 1929

Sun Sign: Sagittarius

Birthplace: Hannover, Germany

Died: December 9, 2014

Birthdate: February 24, 1831

Sun Sign: Pisces

Birthplace: Nürtingen, Germany

Died: December 25, 1903

Birthdate: December 7, 1774

Sun Sign: Sagittarius

Birthplace: Hanau, Germany

Died: October 3, 1845

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